Essay on The Truth about Prostitution - 876 Words

The Truth about Prostitution Prostitution is a major problem in the United States today. The way we treat these victims as criminals is simply unacceptable. Found in â€Å"Business Insider† a study of San Francisco prostitutes showed that as many as 68% of them have been raped and an astounding 82% had been assaulted. Also found on Business insider is a study conducted on the prostitutes in Colorado Springs which showed that prostitutes are 18X more likely to end up murder victims than those who do not prostitute. So the question remains, what are we going to do about it? Legalizing Prostitution would not only protect these women and give them the chance to seek safety and justice, but would also boost the economy and reduce the spread of†¦show more content†¦Keeping prostitution illegal is not only hurting our economy and giving power to the wrong people, but it is also hurting million. Spreading disease and having to stay hidden, ashamed of the life they have lead, these women and men are searching for a way out and for protection. Legal prostitution is safe with laws and regulations to protect everyone involved. There will be STD testing regularly, and birth control is always used. The Johns’ identities are kept discrete but also in legal papers. There would be contracts and licenses; it would be an everyday business down the street. Most brothels will be owned by families not corporations; this allows them to directly benefit the public. Legalizing prostitution wouldn’t just be a small income, according to Dennis Hof (the owner of the Moonlight Bunny Ranch in Nevada) the American prostitution industry is said to be about an $18 billion dollar business, none of which goes into taxes or federal coffers. Hof also explained his plan which he said would gross almost $2 billion in licensing fees and another $6 billion dollars in federal income tax. Not only can legalizing prostitution create this kind of cash flow to help build the economy, but also offers millions of new job opportunities for the whole country. We would also save money, like the money we spend on the courts and police force to convict these â€Å"criminals.† Legalizing prostitution would boost the economy andShow MoreRelatedThe Pros And Cons Of Prostitution1061 Words   |  5 PagesProstitution is often classified as a â€Å"victimless crime,† however that is far from the truth especially within brothel walls. â€Å"An essential part of the brothel business model is to break the spirit of girls, through humiliation, rape, threats, and violence† (Kristof, 2009, p. 10). Violence comes to those women there on their own accord or those forced and trafficked. While legalizing prostitution could possibly allow for human trafficking to be monitored more closely, it feeds into the demandRead MorePro-Prostitution (The Advantages of Prostitution)1469 Words   |  6 PagesProstitution is the act or practice of engaging in sexua l activities in the exchange of money (Dictionary.com). Prostitution is believed by many to be the world?s oldest profession with its roots tracing back to ancient times (Otchet). It is a common belief that prostitutes are only women, but the truth is that prostitutes are predominantly of the female gender. In today?s modern society prostitutes are frowned upon by society because they see it as being on the same category as drug addiction andRead MoreEthical Issues And Values At Stake 71627 Words   |  7 Pagesa UN International Police Force monitor. She signed up with DynCorp, the private contractor providing American personnel for the UN mission in Bosnia. She is the one in whole officials, who had the bravery to tell the truth and fight for the victims of sex trafficking, prostitution, put her own life in the risk. During her United Nation mission in Bosnia, Kathryn discovered that people from the mission were involved in sexual slavery and exploitation of young girls that were traffickedRead MoreProstitution and Ethical Values Related to It954 Words   |  4 PagesProstitution and Ethical Values related to it Introduction Prostitution can be defined as â€Å"The act or practice of engaging in sexual intercourse for money,† and is usually provided as an underground service. A person who works in this field is called a prostitute, and is a kind of sex worker. Prostitution is one of the branches of the sex industry. The legal status of prostitution varies from country to country, from being permissible but unregulated, to an enforced or unenforced crimeRead MoreEssay about Human Trafficking in the United Kingdom1457 Words   |  6 Pagesalongside of drugs and weapon trafficking as the largest criminal activities. Vulnerable people, usually those who are in poverty, are ultimately lied to which lead them into working abroad with the promise of a better life. 75% of women involved in prostitution cite poverty as the primary motivator for entering the sex industry. As they arrived, their passports were taken and were immediately forced to work behind locked doors, most often as prostitutes; if they refused their â€Å"master† would beat or starveRead MoreEssay about The Adult Sex Industry 948 Words   |  4 Pagesunderstand the differences between h uman trafficking, sex slavery, and prostitution. An individual also has to taken into consideration why another individual would choose prostitution as means of income verses any other job that doesn’t include the buying and selling of sex. One must be able to empathize with the individuals who choose prostitution and be able to take into consideration some factors that may lead an individual to prostitution as a means of economic trade. Such factors might include; theRead MoreShould Prostitution Be Legal?1057 Words   |  5 Pagesoften have we come across those people who sell their bodies, so-called temples and have been termed as â€Å"prostitutes?† Prostitution can be defined as the profession of getting involved in sexual activity with someone and to get paid back in return. Sex and sex-related issues have always been the matter to be hidden, and the civilized people are considered to be not speaking about it at all. Despite the fact, none can escape it our so-ca lled moral ethics don’t allow us to bare our feelings. Since sexRead MoreThe Issue Of Human Trafficking1481 Words   |  6 Pagesbacking to his claim. According to Reuters, the Super Bowl is â€Å"a magnet for under-age sex trade.† These truths are conceived to be reality, but are actually fictitious. Why are these claims so widely regarded as being factual? The answer to this question speaks directly about the society in whole. Society in the United States takes information that sounds accurate on the surface to be the truth, rather than information that is evidence-based and factual. Abbott’s claim makes sense when it is lookedRead MoreShould Prostitution Be Legalized?1048 Words   |  5 PagesMay,15,2015 Should prostitution be legalized? Most of us have heard of prostitution and the controversial opinions of people whether it should be legalized or not. The fact is that prostitution has been practiced for many years regardless of its legality. As defined in the dictionary prostitution is the exchange of sex for money. Out of the 50 states in the U.S., Nevada is the only states were prostitution is legal. On the other hand, in some European countries prostitution is not illegal and itsRead MoreThe Swedish Model : A Feminist Model957 Words   |  4 PagesSwedish model came about in 1999 when their government formed an official policy based upon a philosophical belief. According to the Swedish government, voluntary prostitution does not exist. It is a viewpoint which essentially presumes that there is no such thing as freewill and therefore every act of prostitution is automatically an act of violence against women. As a result, Sweden decided that prostitutes shouldn’t face criminal penalties and all of the pen alties for prostitution are applied to the

Essay on The Truth about Prostitution - 876 Words

The Truth about Prostitution Prostitution is a major problem in the United States today. The way we treat these victims as criminals is simply unacceptable. Found in â€Å"Business Insider† a study of San Francisco prostitutes showed that as many as 68% of them have been raped and an astounding 82% had been assaulted. Also found on Business insider is a study conducted on the prostitutes in Colorado Springs which showed that prostitutes are 18X more likely to end up murder victims than those who do not prostitute. So the question remains, what are we going to do about it? Legalizing Prostitution would not only protect these women and give them the chance to seek safety and justice, but would also boost the economy and reduce the spread of†¦show more content†¦Keeping prostitution illegal is not only hurting our economy and giving power to the wrong people, but it is also hurting million. Spreading disease and having to stay hidden, ashamed of the life they have lead, these women and men are searching for a way out and for protection. Legal prostitution is safe with laws and regulations to protect everyone involved. There will be STD testing regularly, and birth control is always used. The Johns’ identities are kept discrete but also in legal papers. There would be contracts and licenses; it would be an everyday business down the street. Most brothels will be owned by families not corporations; this allows them to directly benefit the public. Legalizing prostitution wouldn’t just be a small income, according to Dennis Hof (the owner of the Moonlight Bunny Ranch in Nevada) the American prostitution industry is said to be about an $18 billion dollar business, none of which goes into taxes or federal coffers. Hof also explained his plan which he said would gross almost $2 billion in licensing fees and another $6 billion dollars in federal income tax. Not only can legalizing prostitution create this kind of cash flow to help build the economy, but also offers millions of new job opportunities for the whole country. We would also save money, like the money we spend on the courts and police force to convict these â€Å"criminals.† Legalizing prostitution would boost the economy andShow MoreRelatedThe Pros And Cons Of Prostitution1061 Words   |  5 PagesProstitution is often classified as a â€Å"victimless crime,† however that is far from the truth especially within brothel walls. â€Å"An essential part of the brothel business model is to break the spirit of girls, through humiliation, rape, threats, and violence† (Kristof, 2009, p. 10). Violence comes to those women there on their own accord or those forced and trafficked. While legalizing prostitution could possibly allow for human trafficking to be monitored more closely, it feeds into the demandRead MorePro-Prostitution (The Advantages of Prostitution)1469 Words   |  6 PagesProstitution is the act or practice of engaging in sexua l activities in the exchange of money (Dictionary.com). Prostitution is believed by many to be the world?s oldest profession with its roots tracing back to ancient times (Otchet). It is a common belief that prostitutes are only women, but the truth is that prostitutes are predominantly of the female gender. In today?s modern society prostitutes are frowned upon by society because they see it as being on the same category as drug addiction andRead MoreEthical Issues And Values At Stake 71627 Words   |  7 Pagesa UN International Police Force monitor. She signed up with DynCorp, the private contractor providing American personnel for the UN mission in Bosnia. She is the one in whole officials, who had the bravery to tell the truth and fight for the victims of sex trafficking, prostitution, put her own life in the risk. During her United Nation mission in Bosnia, Kathryn discovered that people from the mission were involved in sexual slavery and exploitation of young girls that were traffickedRead MoreProstitution and Ethical Values Related to It954 Words   |  4 PagesProstitution and Ethical Values related to it Introduction Prostitution can be defined as â€Å"The act or practice of engaging in sexual intercourse for money,† and is usually provided as an underground service. A person who works in this field is called a prostitute, and is a kind of sex worker. Prostitution is one of the branches of the sex industry. The legal status of prostitution varies from country to country, from being permissible but unregulated, to an enforced or unenforced crimeRead MoreEssay about Human Trafficking in the United Kingdom1457 Words   |  6 Pagesalongside of drugs and weapon trafficking as the largest criminal activities. Vulnerable people, usually those who are in poverty, are ultimately lied to which lead them into working abroad with the promise of a better life. 75% of women involved in prostitution cite poverty as the primary motivator for entering the sex industry. As they arrived, their passports were taken and were immediately forced to work behind locked doors, most often as prostitutes; if they refused their â€Å"master† would beat or starveRead MoreEssay about The Adult Sex Industry 948 Words   |  4 Pagesunderstand the differences between h uman trafficking, sex slavery, and prostitution. An individual also has to taken into consideration why another individual would choose prostitution as means of income verses any other job that doesn’t include the buying and selling of sex. One must be able to empathize with the individuals who choose prostitution and be able to take into consideration some factors that may lead an individual to prostitution as a means of economic trade. Such factors might include; theRead MoreShould Prostitution Be Legal?1057 Words   |  5 Pagesoften have we come across those people who sell their bodies, so-called temples and have been termed as â€Å"prostitutes?† Prostitution can be defined as the profession of getting involved in sexual activity with someone and to get paid back in return. Sex and sex-related issues have always been the matter to be hidden, and the civilized people are considered to be not speaking about it at all. Despite the fact, none can escape it our so-ca lled moral ethics don’t allow us to bare our feelings. Since sexRead MoreThe Issue Of Human Trafficking1481 Words   |  6 Pagesbacking to his claim. According to Reuters, the Super Bowl is â€Å"a magnet for under-age sex trade.† These truths are conceived to be reality, but are actually fictitious. Why are these claims so widely regarded as being factual? The answer to this question speaks directly about the society in whole. Society in the United States takes information that sounds accurate on the surface to be the truth, rather than information that is evidence-based and factual. Abbott’s claim makes sense when it is lookedRead MoreShould Prostitution Be Legalized?1048 Words   |  5 PagesMay,15,2015 Should prostitution be legalized? Most of us have heard of prostitution and the controversial opinions of people whether it should be legalized or not. The fact is that prostitution has been practiced for many years regardless of its legality. As defined in the dictionary prostitution is the exchange of sex for money. Out of the 50 states in the U.S., Nevada is the only states were prostitution is legal. On the other hand, in some European countries prostitution is not illegal and itsRead MoreThe Swedish Model : A Feminist Model957 Words   |  4 PagesSwedish model came about in 1999 when their government formed an official policy based upon a philosophical belief. According to the Swedish government, voluntary prostitution does not exist. It is a viewpoint which essentially presumes that there is no such thing as freewill and therefore every act of prostitution is automatically an act of violence against women. As a result, Sweden decided that prostitutes shouldn’t face criminal penalties and all of the pen alties for prostitution are applied to the

Essay on The Truth about Prostitution - 876 Words

The Truth about Prostitution Prostitution is a major problem in the United States today. The way we treat these victims as criminals is simply unacceptable. Found in â€Å"Business Insider† a study of San Francisco prostitutes showed that as many as 68% of them have been raped and an astounding 82% had been assaulted. Also found on Business insider is a study conducted on the prostitutes in Colorado Springs which showed that prostitutes are 18X more likely to end up murder victims than those who do not prostitute. So the question remains, what are we going to do about it? Legalizing Prostitution would not only protect these women and give them the chance to seek safety and justice, but would also boost the economy and reduce the spread of†¦show more content†¦Keeping prostitution illegal is not only hurting our economy and giving power to the wrong people, but it is also hurting million. Spreading disease and having to stay hidden, ashamed of the life they have lead, these women and men are searching for a way out and for protection. Legal prostitution is safe with laws and regulations to protect everyone involved. There will be STD testing regularly, and birth control is always used. The Johns’ identities are kept discrete but also in legal papers. There would be contracts and licenses; it would be an everyday business down the street. Most brothels will be owned by families not corporations; this allows them to directly benefit the public. Legalizing prostitution wouldn’t just be a small income, according to Dennis Hof (the owner of the Moonlight Bunny Ranch in Nevada) the American prostitution industry is said to be about an $18 billion dollar business, none of which goes into taxes or federal coffers. Hof also explained his plan which he said would gross almost $2 billion in licensing fees and another $6 billion dollars in federal income tax. Not only can legalizing prostitution create this kind of cash flow to help build the economy, but also offers millions of new job opportunities for the whole country. We would also save money, like the money we spend on the courts and police force to convict these â€Å"criminals.† Legalizing prostitution would boost the economy andShow MoreRelatedThe Pros And Cons Of Prostitution1061 Words   |  5 PagesProstitution is often classified as a â€Å"victimless crime,† however that is far from the truth especially within brothel walls. â€Å"An essential part of the brothel business model is to break the spirit of girls, through humiliation, rape, threats, and violence† (Kristof, 2009, p. 10). Violence comes to those women there on their own accord or those forced and trafficked. While legalizing prostitution could possibly allow for human trafficking to be monitored more closely, it feeds into the demandRead MorePro-Prostitution (The Advantages of Prostitution)1469 Words   |  6 PagesProstitution is the act or practice of engaging in sexua l activities in the exchange of money (Dictionary.com). Prostitution is believed by many to be the world?s oldest profession with its roots tracing back to ancient times (Otchet). It is a common belief that prostitutes are only women, but the truth is that prostitutes are predominantly of the female gender. In today?s modern society prostitutes are frowned upon by society because they see it as being on the same category as drug addiction andRead MoreEthical Issues And Values At Stake 71627 Words   |  7 Pagesa UN International Police Force monitor. She signed up with DynCorp, the private contractor providing American personnel for the UN mission in Bosnia. She is the one in whole officials, who had the bravery to tell the truth and fight for the victims of sex trafficking, prostitution, put her own life in the risk. During her United Nation mission in Bosnia, Kathryn discovered that people from the mission were involved in sexual slavery and exploitation of young girls that were traffickedRead MoreProstitution and Ethical Values Related to It954 Words   |  4 PagesProstitution and Ethical Values related to it Introduction Prostitution can be defined as â€Å"The act or practice of engaging in sexual intercourse for money,† and is usually provided as an underground service. A person who works in this field is called a prostitute, and is a kind of sex worker. Prostitution is one of the branches of the sex industry. The legal status of prostitution varies from country to country, from being permissible but unregulated, to an enforced or unenforced crimeRead MoreEssay about Human Trafficking in the United Kingdom1457 Words   |  6 Pagesalongside of drugs and weapon trafficking as the largest criminal activities. Vulnerable people, usually those who are in poverty, are ultimately lied to which lead them into working abroad with the promise of a better life. 75% of women involved in prostitution cite poverty as the primary motivator for entering the sex industry. As they arrived, their passports were taken and were immediately forced to work behind locked doors, most often as prostitutes; if they refused their â€Å"master† would beat or starveRead MoreEssay about The Adult Sex Industry 948 Words   |  4 Pagesunderstand the differences between h uman trafficking, sex slavery, and prostitution. An individual also has to taken into consideration why another individual would choose prostitution as means of income verses any other job that doesn’t include the buying and selling of sex. One must be able to empathize with the individuals who choose prostitution and be able to take into consideration some factors that may lead an individual to prostitution as a means of economic trade. Such factors might include; theRead MoreShould Prostitution Be Legal?1057 Words   |  5 Pagesoften have we come across those people who sell their bodies, so-called temples and have been termed as â€Å"prostitutes?† Prostitution can be defined as the profession of getting involved in sexual activity with someone and to get paid back in return. Sex and sex-related issues have always been the matter to be hidden, and the civilized people are considered to be not speaking about it at all. Despite the fact, none can escape it our so-ca lled moral ethics don’t allow us to bare our feelings. Since sexRead MoreThe Issue Of Human Trafficking1481 Words   |  6 Pagesbacking to his claim. According to Reuters, the Super Bowl is â€Å"a magnet for under-age sex trade.† These truths are conceived to be reality, but are actually fictitious. Why are these claims so widely regarded as being factual? The answer to this question speaks directly about the society in whole. Society in the United States takes information that sounds accurate on the surface to be the truth, rather than information that is evidence-based and factual. Abbott’s claim makes sense when it is lookedRead MoreShould Prostitution Be Legalized?1048 Words   |  5 PagesMay,15,2015 Should prostitution be legalized? Most of us have heard of prostitution and the controversial opinions of people whether it should be legalized or not. The fact is that prostitution has been practiced for many years regardless of its legality. As defined in the dictionary prostitution is the exchange of sex for money. Out of the 50 states in the U.S., Nevada is the only states were prostitution is legal. On the other hand, in some European countries prostitution is not illegal and itsRead MoreThe Swedish Model : A Feminist Model957 Words   |  4 PagesSwedish model came about in 1999 when their government formed an official policy based upon a philosophical belief. According to the Swedish government, voluntary prostitution does not exist. It is a viewpoint which essentially presumes that there is no such thing as freewill and therefore every act of prostitution is automatically an act of violence against women. As a result, Sweden decided that prostitutes shouldn’t face criminal penalties and all of the pen alties for prostitution are applied to the

Un-Answered Issues With Conflict Essay Topics Exposed

Un-Answered Issues With Conflict Essay Topics Exposed It's quite common that one partner in the relationship could possibly be dwelling in the relationship since they don't wish to be alone. If you are able to deal with the conflict successfully, you can create your relationship with the other person stronger and more resilient by boosting your comprehension of one another. Intermittent conflict a part of family life. The majority of the severe conflicts in your life probably involve people you're closely connected to, like your family and friends, your romantic partners and the people that you work with. There's conflict between the organization staff and customers. Needless to say, the operations manager is partly accurate. By taking a look at complaints as a chance to create a more powerful relationship with clients and customers, you construct your business on satisfaction and support. If the company or service does nothing in return for those funds received on the cont ract that's a crime. The Tried and True Method for Conflict Essay Topics in Step by Step Detail Let's say you should purchase essay for college. It is very important that the focus of your school is on its primary target of education. Writing a great persuasive essay is not an easy job, however, it's achievable. Some writers are simply too kind. Literature can be split into three parts. The Hidden Truth About Conflict Essay Topics From the onset of the series, there are a number of conflicts between characters. Sometimes, it can be their obligation to resolve a number of kinds of conflicts. Generally, it takes as many as 2 hours of time to comb through dozens of sites until you discover something exciting to write about. It's normal to disagree together from time to time. Up in Arms About Conflict Essay Topics? In case the latter is true, the topic has to be chosen dependent on its depth and controversial nature. If you receive a topic already then you do not have to consider what topic to select. Topics like these are often the topic of debate and persuasive writing. You might be given the topic straight away by your professor, or you could be free to select the topic yourself. Taking into account that lots of persuasive essays concern controversial topics, before writing, you can want to sit down and think of what your opinion on the topic actually is. The complaint they have might not be the actual problem. You have to be proficient in the topic, have an overall idea about the chosen issue and figure out how to get the best arguments to demonstrate your thesis. The action of pursuing an abortion isn't a true issue today. There are two main forms of conflict they're interpersonal and organizational. Fortunately, it does not have to negatively impact our lives. So, now you know about the conflict at work and the way to resolve it. The supernatural conflict is thus a great source of unrelenting suspense. Interpersonal conflicts are frequently the most difficult to take care of. Cooperation is a good type of conflict resolution for a number of factors. Mediator Also, observe the way your conflict is leaving consequences all over the area. There are a number of steps which you are able to do to tackle the conflict. At work, however much you make an effort to avoid it, if you work with people the odds are you will need to deal with conflict sooner or later. A fierce battle between both sides ensued, with not much gain on both sides. There is likely to be a shift in position held as a consequence of the conflict situation. You should understand, that you must make the very first step to discover the solution of the conflict. As soon as an employee visits you to go over a personality conflict, you assess a scenario, determine the upcoming actions and proceed until the issue is solved. Sometimes resolving the issue is beyond your control, but it's possible to do a good deal for the company relationship if you genuinely attempt to take care of the problem. Naturally, it is best not to have a problem than to struggle to locate a solution. Introducing Conflict Essay Topics There are discreet skills and attitudes, habits in the event that you will, that may elevate your conflict practice to a different level. Then the connection between both countries improved considerably. All businesses experience conflict on various levels.

Reflection On Medication Management Error †MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about the Reflection On Medication Management Error. Answer: There are many challenges that a graduating nurse faces while making the transition from to the stage of professional practice, and one of the myriad of different issues medication management issues are the most frequent. The rate of medication errors and resultant hospital admissions have been identified as the most prevalent reason behind the rate of hospital admissions and hospice referrals. Australian data declares that the rate of medication related hospital admissions have increased by 3% in the last couple for years in Australia itself, and elaborating more on the global context the rates are alarming (Westbrook et al. 2015). It has been observed that the prevalence of medication related hospice admissions have been 12% in all age groups of patient population and close to 30% in the elderly patient population (Nuckols et al. 2014). However, the medication safety and administration are often handled by the nursing professionals and the professional misconduct of the nurses is d irectly associated with any mishap occurring within the concept of medication safety and administration. However, the novice nurses neither have adequate experience nor adequate training that can help them effectively maintain adequate medication management. And, as a graduating nurse myself one of the major professional issues that I have faced while applying my theoretical knowledge to practical application is the misconduct associated with medication management. I have chosen medication management and safety issues as the focal point of this reflective assignment as I have faced the majority of challenges in this sector in my placement practice. And the medication management and safety issue that I have gone through the most in my professional tenure is the issues with IV administration and utilizing all the different tools and techniques required for correct IV administration. It has to be understood that there are plenty of medication management issues that can present itself in the health care scenario, although in my opinion, the most of the issues that are prevalent in this sector are due to the extreme gap that has been left behind in between theory and practice (Nuckols et al. 2014). As anursing student myself I have experienced the fact that it is very difficult for me to have had made a serious connection between the theoretical knowledge that I have gained and the practice scenarios where I have to apply the theoretical knowledge. It has to be mentioned that the medication administration procedure or MAP is a highly complex and critical procedure which is based on numerous theories and protocols. Although, the process of prescribing the medication is completely based on the critical judgment of the respective physician, the rest of the different phases of the MAP are dependent heavily upon the differentnursing professionals who are responsible for the caring of the patients. According to the Ostini et al. (2012), it has to be mentioned that the complex nature and the abundance of overlapping protocols and practice guidelines, the complex nature of the MAP exposes a high amount of risks that can lead to a variety of different medication errors. The different variety of medication management errors can occur in different phases of the MAP, and each of the errors have a significant detrimental impact on the health and safety of the patients, that is the reason why any medication management errors is considered as a severe professional misconduct on the part of thenursing professional under consideration. Although, from my own experience, I would like to emphasize on the fact that there are various external and internal factors that influence the everyday professional practice of the nursing professionals, and hence all of those interrelated factors contribute heavily on the occurrence or frequency of the medication errors as well. These factors include extreme world load, chaotic environment and lack of privacy in the clinical environment, inadequate competency in the nursing professionals, miscommunication and technical errors, and knowledge gap in the new nursing professionals (Westbrook et al. 2015). According to the article by Leufer and Cleary-Holdforth (2013), the miscommunication and technical errors are one predominant factor that leads to many instances of further complications for the patients and extended hospice stay for the patients in case of experienced nursing processions, for both registered and enrolled nurses. It has to be mentioned that the technological information or patient record maintenance systems are still very new to the health care scenario, and a vast majority of experienced nursing professionals without adequate training on operating the technological devices or idea on the internet linked databases end up making medication administration errors like prescribing the wrong dosage or even wrong medication due to not being able to correctly use the devices, although with the extensive progressive training and skill Improvement programs in the health care system reform under the national government authorities, the older and more experienced nurses are inc reasingly becoming more and more trained to operate and decipher the electronic information system devices within the patient information circulation framework and in turn the rate of the medication management errors are decreasing as well (Roughead, Semple and Rosenfeld 2013). The extreme workload and chaotic environment in the clinical setting is one factor that is still a viable reason behind a large number of medication errors in the current health care scenario. According to the article by the Manias, Williams and Liew (2012), concentration is extremely important pursuit in case of maintaining all the critical requirements or protocols associated with medication administration procedure, any distraction during this procedure can lead to errors which will eventually lead to complications and even fatal consequences for the patient under consideration. Elliott et al. (2012), in agreement have opined that extreme work pressure due to the alarming staff patient ratio in the Austral ia, and the chaos in the professional clinical setting can be a rich source of burnout related exhaustion and distractions, and both of these elements are equally responsible for the misconduct in the MAP procedure. Reflecting on my own professional experience, the distraction and exhaustion are one of the contributing factors behind the medication management issues I have faced as well. The impact of distraction has also been a significant contributing factor behind the issues u faced with the IV medication administration. Elaborating more on this context, I would like to mention that IV medication administration is extremely complicated and there are a vast variety of protocols and precautionary procedures that are followed to ensure the IV medication is administered with the right dosage and via the right route as per the NSW guidelines. And all these protocols and procedures make the MAP of IV medication even more complicated (Westbrook et al. 2012). Along with that it has to be mentioned that, performing a complicated procedure like the IV medication, distraction has been one of the major contributing factors behind the errors and complications that I have faced. Although, another contribut ing factor that has contributed majorly to the errors and issues with IV medication administration is the conspicuous gap left behind in the knowledge and understanding of the theoretical concepts and its practical application in the clinical scenarios. And as per my own understanding on this issue, most of the IV medication related issues or errors are associated with the gaps left behind between the theoretical concepts and real world clinical scenarios. According to the article by the Ostini et al. (2012), almost 68% of the total IV medication management and administration issues had been reported to be due to the very limited scope of practice in the coursework classroom scenario and very limited associated or familiarity with the IV infusion devices and such IV medication management related resources. In most cases the graduating nurse is given the task to handle devices for the first time in the clinical setting that the nursing professional must have only theoretical understa nding about. The IV medication devices are complex and only theoretical understanding is not enough for a nursing professional to handle it, hence there is need for demonstrative and practice workshops in the coursework itself so that the graduating nurses have the opportunity to have ample practice with devices as complicated as the IV MAP to avoid the risk of medical errors (Redley and Botti 2013). For instance, it has already been emphasized that there are extremely low scope for practice in the graduation coursework for registered nurses, which creates extremely dependent on theoretical knowledge, which inevitably creates chances of errors in MAP process, especially in case of IV medication management. And hence, there is need for more scope for practical application in the coursework design for the graduating nurses. Along with that there is extreme need for periodical specific training that will help the nurses to improve their skills, and along with that implementation of evi dence based practice can also help the situation effectively. As per the guidelines of NMBA, the professional practice standards or a registered nurse includes providing safe and effective patient centered care to the patient with maintaining the optimal quality of practice while handling each and every patient (Nursingmidwiferyboard.gov.au. 2017). Medication management errors on the other hand can be considered extreme violation of the MNBA codes of conduct, and hence, each and every graduate nursing practitioner must employ equal efforts to skill themselves for providing safe and effective care to the patients. As a graduating registered nurse myself I will attempt to take my moral and ethical responsibility towards my patients with grave seriousness and will attempt to bridge the gaps left behind my professional knowledge and skills taking the help of continuous professional development standard of NMBA so that I can avoid making medication management errors and provide efficient holistic care to the patients without any mishaps. References: Elliott, R.A., Tran, T., Taylor, S.E., Harvey, P.A., Belfrage, M.K., Jennings, R.J. and Marriott, J.L., 2012. Gaps in continuity of medication management during the transition from hospital to residential care: an observational study (MedGap Study).Australasian journal on ageing,31(4), pp.247-254. Keers, R.N., Williams, S.D., Cooke, J. and Ashcroft, D.M., 2013. Causes of medication administration errors in hospitals: a systematic review of quantitative and qualitative evidence.Drug safety,36(11), pp.1045-1067. Leufer, T. and Cleary-Holdforth, J., 2013. Let's do no harm: Medication errors in nursing: Part 1.Nurse education in practice,13(3), pp.213-216. Manias, E., Williams, A. and Liew, D., 2012. Interventions to reduce medication errors in adult intensive care: a systematic review.British journal of clinical pharmacology,74(3), pp.411-423. Nuckols, T.K., Smith-Spangler, C., Morton, S.C., Asch, S.M., Patel, V.M., Anderson, L.J., Deichsel, E.L. and Shekelle, P.G., 2014. The effectiveness of computerized order entry at reducing preventable adverse drug events and medication errors in hospital settings: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Systematic reviews,3(1), p.56. Nursingmidwiferyboard.gov.au. (2017).Nursing and Midwifery Board of Australia - Home. [online] Available at: https://www.nursingmidwiferyboard.gov.au [Accessed 25 Nov. 2017]. Ong, W.M. and Subasyini, S., 2013. Medication errors in intravenous drug preparation and administration.Med J Malaysia,68(1), pp.52-57. Ostini, R., Roughead, E.E., Kirkpatrick, C.M., Monteith, G.R. and Tett, S.E., 2012. Quality Use of Medicinesmedication safety issues in naming; look?alike, sound?alike medicine names.International Journal of Pharmacy Practice,20(6), pp.349-357. Redley, B. and Botti, M., 2013. Reported medication errors after introducing an electronic medication management system.Journal of clinical nursing,22(3-4), pp.579-589. Roughead, L., Semple, S. and Rosenfeld, E., 2013. Literature review: medication safety in Australia.Australian Commission on Safety and Quality in Health Care. Westbrook, J. I., Reckmann, M., Li, L., Runciman, W. B., Burke, R., Lo, C., ... Day, R. O. (2012). Effects of two commercial electronic prescribing systems on prescribing error rates in hospital in-patients: a before and after study.PLoS medicine,9(1), e1001164. Westbrook, J.I., Li, L., Lehnbom, E.C., Baysari, M.T., Braithwaite, J., Burke, R., Conn, C. and Day, R.O., 2015. What are incident reports telling us? A comparative study at two Australian hospitals of medication errors identified at audit, detected by staff and reported to an incident system.International Journal for Quality in Health Care,27(1), pp.1-9.]

Theatre History Essay Example

Theatre History Paper Throughout history, religion has played perhaps the most important role in the influence of cultural and societal trends.The ethics and values that a society holds dear are a direct result of the faith that binds that society together.Faith is something that governs, something that punishes, and when in jeopardy, it is something that people dont mind fighting over.Faith is a reflection of many things. Like literature, theatre has proven to be a reflection of faith.Both theatre and faith share common ground-they are both art forms of emotion, self-expression, and self-discovery.Faith influences society and society looks for an outlet of expression.Society often finds that outlet in theatre and despite restrictions, theatre has always had a way of outlining the best and worst of a societys faith. Before the widespread growth of Christianity over the last 2000 years, a majority of the world was polytheistic.In the Abydos Passion Play, possibly the earliest surviving evidence of theatre existence, Osiris, son of the supreme god, Geb, is murdered in a jealous rage and then later resurrected.After his resurrection, Osiris is unable to live on earth and goes on to live in the afterworld, judging the souls of others (8).This story strongly resembles the Christian passion play and although there is no definite proof that it was ever actually acted out in theatrical form, just the story itself and what it could possibly imply is enough to make one uneasy (9).The fact that the Abydos story is so much like the passion of Jesus Christ is interesting considering that they are separated by 2500 years and take place under totally opposite cultural roofs.This coincidence supports the notion generally agreed upon by most theatre scholars that as a social barometer, theatre has always been one step ahead of societal trends.As a twenty- first century Christian, it would appear that the theatre of ancient Egypt has h

Free Essays on Four Elements Of Promotion

Four Elements Of Promotion Advertising: Advertising involves paid, nonpersonal communication through various media with the purpose of informing or persuading communication through various media with the purpose of informing or persuading members of a particular audience. Advertisings main objectives for marketers to inform, persuade, and to remind. Advertising falls into two broad categories, which are, product advertising and institutional advertising. Sales Promotion: Sales promotion is marketing activities other than personal selling, advertising, and publicity that enhance consumer purchasing and dealer effectiveness. Sales promotions encourages interest from salespeople and consumer for both new and mature products, help introduce new products, encourage trial and repeat purchases, increase usage, neutralize competition, and reinforce advertising. Sales promotion complements advertising, and marketers often produce their best results when they combine the two. Public Relations: Public relations are an efficient, indirect communications channel through which a firm can promote products, although it serves broader objectives than those of other components of promotional strategy. It is the firm’s communication and relationships with its various publics, including customers, employees, stockholders, suppliers, government agencies, and the society in which it operates. Personal Selling: Personal selling is an interpersonal influence process that involves a seller’s promotional presentations conducted on a person to person basis with the buyer. Personal selling is a primary component of a firm’s promotional mix in certain, well defined conditions: 1. Consumers are geographically concentrated. 2. Individual orders account for large amounts. 3. The firms markets goods and services that are expensive, technically complex, or require special handling. 4. Trade ins are involved. 5. P... Free Essays on Four Elements Of Promotion Free Essays on Four Elements Of Promotion Four Elements Of Promotion Advertising: Advertising involves paid, nonpersonal communication through various media with the purpose of informing or persuading communication through various media with the purpose of informing or persuading members of a particular audience. Advertisings main objectives for marketers to inform, persuade, and to remind. Advertising falls into two broad categories, which are, product advertising and institutional advertising. Sales Promotion: Sales promotion is marketing activities other than personal selling, advertising, and publicity that enhance consumer purchasing and dealer effectiveness. Sales promotions encourages interest from salespeople and consumer for both new and mature products, help introduce new products, encourage trial and repeat purchases, increase usage, neutralize competition, and reinforce advertising. Sales promotion complements advertising, and marketers often produce their best results when they combine the two. Public Relations: Public relations are an efficient, indirect communications channel through which a firm can promote products, although it serves broader objectives than those of other components of promotional strategy. It is the firm’s communication and relationships with its various publics, including customers, employees, stockholders, suppliers, government agencies, and the society in which it operates. Personal Selling: Personal selling is an interpersonal influence process that involves a seller’s promotional presentations conducted on a person to person basis with the buyer. Personal selling is a primary component of a firm’s promotional mix in certain, well defined conditions: 1. Consumers are geographically concentrated. 2. Individual orders account for large amounts. 3. The firms markets goods and services that are expensive, technically complex, or require special handling. 4. Trade ins are involved. 5. P...

Biography of Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz, Philosopher and Mathematician

Biography of Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz, Philosopher and Mathematician Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz was a prominent German philosopher and mathematician. Though Leibniz was a polymath who contributed many works to many different fields, he is best known for his contributions to math, in which he invented differential and integral calculus independently of Sir Isaac Newton. In philosophy, Leibniz is known for his contributions on a wide range of subjects, including â€Å"optimism†- the idea that the current world is the best of all possible worlds, and was created by a freely thinking God who chose this for a good reason. Fast Facts: Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz Known For: Philosopher and mathematician known for a number of important contributions to mathematics and philosophy, such as the modern binary system, a widely used calculus notation, and the idea that everything exists for a reason.Born: July 1, 1646 in Leipzig, GermanyDied: November 14, 1716 in Hanover, GermanyParents: Friedrich Leibniz and Catharina SchmuckEducation: Leipzig University, University of Altdorf, University of Jena Early Life and Career Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz was born in Leipzig, Germany on July 1, 1646 to Friedrich Leibniz, a professor of moral philosophy, and Catharina Schmuck, whose father was a law professor. Though Leibniz attended elementary school, he was mostly self-taught from the books in his father’s library (who had died in 1652 when Leibniz was six). While young, Leibniz immersed himself in history, poetry, math, and other subjects, gaining knowledge in many different fields. In 1661, Leibniz, who was 14, began studying law at the University of Leipzig and was exposed to the works of thinkers such as Renà © Descartes, Galileo, and Francis Bacon. While there, Leibniz also attended summer school at the University of Jena, where he studied mathematics. In 1666, he finished his law studies and applied to become a doctorate student in law at Leipzig. Because of his young age, however, he was refused the degree. This caused Leibniz to leave the University of Leipzig and earn the degree the following year at the University of Altdorf, whose faculty were so impressed with Leibniz that they invited him to become a professor despite his youth. Leibniz, however, declined and opted instead to pursue a career in public service. Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz. United States public domain Leibniz’s Tenure in Frankfurt and Mainz, 1667-1672 In 1667, Leibniz entered the service of the Elector of Mainz, who tasked him to help revise the Corpus Juris- or body of laws- of the electorate. During this time, Leibniz also worked to reconcile Catholic and Protestant parties and encouraged Christian European countries to work together to conquer non-Christian lands, instead of waging war on each other. For example, if France left Germany alone, then Germany could help France in conquering Egypt. Leibniz’s action was inspired by France’s king Louis XIV, who seized some German towns in Alsace-Lorraine in 1670. (This â€Å"Egyptian Plan† would be ultimately passed on, although Napoleon unwittingly used a similar plan over a century later.) Paris, 1672-1676 In 1672, Leibniz went to Paris to discuss these ideas more, staying there until 1676. While at Paris, he met a number of mathematicians like Christiaan Huygens, who made many discoveries in physics, mathematics, astronomy, and horology. Leibniz’s interest in mathematics has been credited to this period of travel. He quickly advanced in the subject, figuring out the core of some of his ideas on calculus, physics, and philosophy. Indeed, in 1675 Leibniz figured out the foundations of integral and differential calculus independently from Sir Isaac Newton. In 1673, Leibniz also made a diplomatic trip to London, where he showed a calculating machine that he had developed called the Stepped Reckoner, which could add, subtract, multiply, and divide. In London, he also became a fellow of the Royal Society, an honor awarded to individuals who have made substantial contributions to science or math. Hanover, 1676-1716 In 1676, upon the death of the Elector of Mainz, Leibniz moved to Hanover, Germany, and was placed in charge of the library of the Elector of Hanover. It Hanover- the place that would serve as his residence for the rest of his life- Leibniz wore many hats. For instance, he served as a mining engineer, an advisor, and a diplomat. As a diplomat, he continued to push for the reconciliation of the Catholic and Lutheran churches in Germany by writing papers that would resolve the views of both Protestants and Catholics. The last part of Leibniz’s life was plagued by controversy- with the most notable being in 1708, when Leibniz was accused of plagiarizing Newton’s calculus despite having developed the math independently. Leibniz died in Hanover on November 14, 1716. He was 70 years old. Leibniz never married, and his funeral was only attended by his personal secretary. Legacy Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz University of Hannover, Germany. Moment Editorial / Getty Images Leibniz was considered a great polymath and he made many important contributions to philosophy, physics, law, politics, theology, math, psychology, and other fields. He may be most well known, however, for some of his contributions to math and philosophy. When Leibniz died, he had written between 200,000 to 300,000 pages and more than 15,000 letters of correspondence to other intellectuals and important politicians- including many notable scientists and philosophers, two German emperors, and Tsar Peter the Great. Contributions to Math Modern Binary System Leibniz invented the modern binary system, which uses the symbols 0 and 1 to represent numbers and logical statements. The modern binary system is integral to the functioning and operation of computers, even though Leibniz discovered this system a few centuries prior to the invention of the first modern computer. It should be noted, however, that Leibniz did not discover binary numbers themselves. Binary numbers were already used, for example, by the ancient Chinese, whose use of binary numbers was acknowledged in Leibniz’s paper that introduced his binary system (â€Å"Explanation of Binary Arithmetic,† which was published in 1703). Calculus Leibniz developed a complete theory of integral and differential calculus independently of Newton, and was the first one to publish on the subject (1684 as opposed to Newton’s 1693), though both thinkers seem to have developed their ideas at the same time. When the Royal Society of London, whose president at the time was Newton, decided who developed calculus first, they gave credit for the discovery of calculus to Newton, while credit for the publication on calculus went to Leibniz. Leibniz was also accused of plagiarizing Newton’s calculus, which left a permanent negative mark on his career. Leibniz’s calculus differed from Newton’s mainly in notation. Interestingly, many students of calculus today have come to prefer Leibniz’s notation. For example, many students today use â€Å"dy/dx† to indicate a derivative of y with respect to x, and an â€Å"S†-like symbol to indicate an integral. Newton, on the other hand, placed a dot over a variable, like á º , to indicate a derivative of y with respect to s, and did not have a consistent notation for integration. Matrices Leibniz also rediscovered a method of arranging linear equations into arrays or matrices, which makes manipulating those equations much easier. A similar method had first been discovered by Chinese mathematicians years earlier, but had fallen into abandonment. A statue of Leibniz at Leipzig University. claudiodivizia / Getty Images. Contributions to Philosophy Monads and Philosophy of Mind In the 17th century, Renà © Descartes put forward the notion of dualism, in which the non-physical mind was separate from the physical body. This sparked the question of how exactly the mind and body are related to one another. In response, some philosophers said that the mind could only be explained in terms of physical matter. Leibniz, on the other hand, believed that the world is made of â€Å"monads,† which are not made of matter. Each monad, in turn, has its own individual identity, as well as its own properties that determine how they are perceived. The monads, furthermore, are arranged by God- who is also a monad- to be together in perfect harmony. This laid down Leibniz’s views on optimism. Optimism Leibniz’s most famous contribution to philosophy may be â€Å"optimism,† the idea that the world we live in- which encompasses everything that exists and has existed- is the â€Å"best of all possible worlds.† The idea is based on the assumption that God is a good and rational being, and has considered many other worlds in addition to this one before choosing this one to come into existence. Leibniz explained evil by stating that it may result in a greater good, even if an individual experiences negative consequences. He further believed that everything existed for a reason. And humans, with their limited viewpoint, cannot see the greater good from their restricted vantage point. Leibniz’s ideas were popularized by the French writer Voltaire, who did not agree with Leibniz that humans are living in the â€Å"best of all possible worlds.† Voltaire’s satirical book Candide ridicules this notion by introducing the character Pangloss, who believes that everything is for the best despite all of the negative things going on in the world. Sources Garber, Daniel. â€Å"Leibniz, Gottfried Wilhelm (1646–1716).† Routledge Encyclopedia of Philosophy, Routledge, www.rep.routledge.com/articles/biographical/leibniz-gottfried-wilhelm-1646-1716/v-1.Jolley, Nicholas, editor. The Cambridge Companion to Leibniz. Cambridge University Press, 1995.Mastin, Luke. â€Å"17th Century Mathematics - Leibniz.† The Story of Mathematics, Storyofmathematics.com, 2010, www.storyofmathematics.com/17th_leibniz.html.Tietz, Sarah. â€Å"Leibniz, Gottfried Wilhelm.† ELS, Oct. 2013.

Television Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Television - Essay Example ITV is an umbrella phrase that covers the convergence of digital media with television technologies. The phrases enhanced television (eTV) and interactive television (iTV) are employed interchangeably. This paper will use the phrase interactive television, or iTV. Notwithstanding the technological advancement witnessed in bandwidth capabilities and the growing accessibility of digital technologies, progress towards extensive acceptance of iTV programming in many countries remains slow (Bolter & Grusin, 2006). According to O’Driscoll, (2008), television is gradually shifting from a passive, broadcast, entertainment, linear viewing experience. It is growing towards becoming a demand driven, infotainment, non- linear, participatory, advertising focused, broadband, two-way communication platform. Television viewers are becoming familiarized with the active (lean forward) model of viewing as an alternative to the conventional passive (lean back) model. The viewers are also developing the practice of processing added information simultaneously through the use of mobile devices or computers while they watch television. Television viewers are beginning to achieve as well as demand increased control over television viewing experiences. Figure 1 presents an overview of the shifting models as television viewers’ move from conventional to interactive television. According to Swann, (2009), enthusiasm in the industry has expanded and diminished with each market test and scientific advancement in the last decade. The Census Bureau in the U.S noted in 2001, that 98.2% of all households in the U.S had at least one television set. The bureau also noted that the average number of television sets per household as 2.4. The A.C. Nielsen Company noted that average Americans watch approximately four hours of television per day. In 2004, the projections revealed that average adults would watch an approximate seventy days or 1,669 hours of television.

Global Business Prespective Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Global Business Prespective - Coursework Example Companies that follow the international strategy tend to sell locally produced goods and services in foreign market while making certain amendments to their offerings in compliance with foreign market needs. 2. Product shaping is one of the diversification strategies that can be implemented by an organization through strategic management. Organizations that adopt this strategy tend to indulge in the development of a new product for a market that already exists (Hitt, 2009). For example: In India there was a strong existing market for carbonated drinks that was being served by Pepsi Corporation. Later Coca-Cola Company even started offering carbonated drinks in India. This strategy may not always be successful because the current market may already be loyal to another organization that is satisfying their needs and may be reluctant in changing from the already present provider. 3. The term franchising is used to refer to the license that one company operating in a particular nation offers to another company an individual which allows them to operate a similar company in their local regions with the same name (Hitt, 2009). Franchisors can earn revenue from franchisees by obtaining fee revenue which is an upfront payment that a franchisee pays to the franchisor for opening up a franchise with the same name. Franchisors even earn through royalties which is a certain percentage of the total revenue that has been earned by the franchisee. 4. Micro loan is a term used to refer to the money that is lent by a financial institution or the government in order to decrease poverty in their nation (Hitt, 2009). The purpose of microloan is to provide money to the poor and needy people who cannot obtain loans from commercial banks as commercial banks charge higher interests and have a very stringent repayment solution. Micro loans

The Roman Catholic beliefs and teachings about the sacrament of marriage Essay Example for Free

The Roman Catholic beliefs and teachings about the sacrament of marriage Essay The bible teaches that marriage is scared and that God intended men and women to become one through marriage. Genesis 2:21-24 In the eyes of Catholics, marriage is a sacrament. A sacrament is an outward sign of an inward and spiritual grace. When Catholics marry they believe that God ratifies their union. Jesus constantly reminded us that it is through loving that we live life to the full. The more we love, the more we live and accept Gods gift of life. In the love they share in marriage, a man and woman are called to help each other to live and love. They see it as something in which God is deeply involved in and which also involves the whole community. That is why a wedding takes place in a church. Roman Catholics believe that marriage is a covenant. The words contract and covenant are very different. In a contract a person gives in order to receive, a sort of 50 50 deal. To think about marriage as a contract is not good, because if one partner does not give the 50% for one reason or another, the relationship rests on a weak basis and more likely to fail. Marriage is a partnership between two people based on mutual Trust. A covenant is a much richer way to describe marriage, it asks for 100% effort by both partners. The word covenant goes back to the Old Testament times, when God made his promises to various people, e.g. Abraham and Moses. I will be your God and you will be my people. God was faithful to his promise of love even though the Jews often turned away from him. In the New Testament Jesus blood shed for us on the cross is described as the blood of the New Covenant. Marriage as a covenant is creative and is to be open to the procreation of Children. A Christian marriage reflects God who is love. A Christian marriage helps Christians realise that the bond of love between a married couple has not only brought them closer to each other but also brought them closer to Christ. The love of God is shown in the life of Jesus who gave his life to Gods people. Roman Catholics believe that through marriage Gods love is reflected in the love that the husband and wife have for each other. Couples share in an exclusive love like that which God showed to us in the life of his son. St. Paul made the comparison of how a married couple should love each other like Christ loves his followers. Husbands love your wives, just as much as Christ loves the church and gave his life for it.(Ephesians) St. Paul also tells us what this love is like in a letter to the Corinthians Love is always kind, patient, never jealous, it is never rude. The sacrament of marriage gives us an active insight into Gods love for us and how deeply it really is. St. Johns letter shows us a further insight into this love. God is love, and anyone who lives in love lives in God, and God lives in him Roman Catholics believe marriage is a sacrament, a sign for all to see. In celebrating the sacrament of marriage the couple invite Jesus to be with them in their love and in their married life. The marriage is a sign of Gods love for his people. In the married couple we can see a reflection of Gods unconditional love, therefore marriage is a public sign of love the couple have for each other. My children, our love is not meant to be just words or mere talk, but something real and active. Love is something that is to be lived out though each other and through the eyes of god. In the service and at the time of the sacrament the couple profess their love for each other in-front of God. We promise to love each other truly, for better, for worse, for richer In the Book of Genesis we learn more about the sacrament of marriage, It is not good for the man to be alone, I will give him a help mate. That is why a man leaves his father and mother and clings to his wife, and the two of them become one body. Marriage is only made holy in the sacrament and it is a celebration shared with a community. Roman Catholics believe marriage is exclusive. To live out the sacrament of marriage to the full the couple must be prepared to love each other exclusively and their commitment of unconditional love and fidelity for the rest of their lives. Thou shall not commit adultery is the sixth commandment and adultery is a betrayal of the permanent commitment of love that a person has made. That commitment is will you love and honour each other for life. In taking this commitment it should not be broken, trust can be lost and a parent who commits adultery betrays the children of the marriage by putting at risk the stability and secure love a family should provide. Every man should have his own wife, and every woman should have her own husband. A man should fulfil the duty as a husband and a woman should fulfil her duty as a wife. (Corinthians 7:10-11) Marriage in the Christian tradition is a lifelong commitment of one partner to the other, and is based on the teaching of Jesus on the permance of marriage. Roman Catholics believe that marriage is life giving and should be open to the transmission of new life. Marriage is life giving and it involves responsible parenthood. The love exchanged in sex creative and should always be open. Every marriage should remain open to the transmission of life. Humanae Vitae. Families develop from the loving relationship of a married couple. Will you accept children lovingly from God. The love, which is shared, is not for the couple alone instead love is always creative. In Gods plan for the world the union of man and wife was designed not only for mutual happiness but so that through their love, God could continue his creative work. Christians understand that marriage is usually an invitation from God to co-operate with him in bringing new life into the world. Roman Catholics believe that marriage is permanent. Marriage in the Christian tradition is a life long commitment. In the beginning, at the time of creation God made male and female for this reason, a man will leave his mother and father and the two will become one. Jesus underlines in these words the permanence of marriage. Catholics believe a marriage between Christians can never be dissolved so although for legal reasons a catholic may get a civil divorce the church still considers them to be married and they can not remarry in the church all the days of our lives until death do us part This shows the couples commitment to each other is for life and is emphasised in their vows. Marriage is an exclusive relationship in that married people remain faithful to each other Will you love and honour each other for life In the Catholic church only annulment or death of one partner frees a person to remarry in the church. In the Church of England they teach that marriage is for life but accepts there may be circumstances where the vows cant be kept. The church prays for forgiveness and acknowledges for some divorce and remarriage. The Orthodox Church teaches wedding vows are taken with every intention of being kept but there are times this doesnt happen thus the couple should be realised from their vows. Some free churches say it is not the death of one of the spouses that end a marriage but the death of the love between the couple, so it is better to divorce than to live a lie. All denominations teach that marriage is for life; it is when things go wrong they take a different attitude. When things go wrong separation is not the only option, there is help groups such as RELATE and ACCORD who offer guidance for the couples who are finding married life difficult, these groups try to keep the marriage permanent by solving the problems that are causing the marriage to be difficult instead of avoiding the problem which can end in divorce.

The Western Law Man and the Series GunSmoke :: Television Media TV Essays

The Western Law Man and the Series GunSmoke Gun Smoke is the story of a western law man doing his best to bring law, order and integrity to the West, a place that seems to be greatly lacking all three of those qualities. Matt Dillon is the marshal of Dodge City, and to him his job is more than a job, it is his duty. In the "Soldier" episode I listened to an interesting thing happens, Dillon makes a mistake, he arrests two soldiers-one who really doesn't deserve it-and by doing this he causes the man to get in deep trouble with the army. Dillon, though, realizes that he has made a mistake and goes to great lengths to make it right to the man, even when it means hiding him from the army. To Dillon there are times when integrity must be held higher than the law. Law is highly valued, though, in the "Gonif" episode I listened to Dillon is forced to arrest two former Civil War soldiers who have been so desensitized to death that they didn't have much of a problem at all killing a store clerk they tried to rob, but who drew a gun on them. The funny thing about the two men though, is that they are honest almost to a fault and tell Dillon the whole truth about killing the man. Dillon sees that "they are not bad men," but realizes too that they are a danger to people. He feels troubled that he must arrest them and send them to court, where they are almost certainly going to receive the death penalty, but he also feels that he must uphold the law. Dillon doesn't necessarily like that decision, but it is what has to be done in his eyes and he feels convicted to uphold the law. Dillon also sees' that Dodge must have order if it is going to be livable. When a gang comes to town in "Bum's Rush" and "Gonif" they each challenge the marshal's authority and refuse to leave town when he tells them to, so Dillon takes action. With the first gang Dillon shows how crooked the leader of the gang is and uses the local doctor as a witness to prove that instead of being a do-gooder the leader is actually trying to knock off the bank. With the evidence shown them and some strong words from Dillon the mob disbands.

Dengue Fever Essay

Abstract Dengue fever is a debilitating tropical disease caused by one of five types of the dengue virus.(1) It is transmitted by mosquitos throughout the tropics and subtropics of not only Southeast Asia, but has now spread to Central and South America, and countries in the Pacific Ocean and America as well. Usually, most people who are infected with the virus are asymptomatic, with mild symptoms, whereas others develop life threatening dengue hemorrhagic fever. The usual diagnosis of this condition is based on reported symptoms and a physical exam. Although there are still no approved vaccine or specific antiviral drug for dengue fever, many clinical developments have been implemented and a vaccine may be available in the near future. (2) Introduction Dengue fever is a mosquito-borne disease caused by a virus known as dengue virus. This virus continues to infect the human race and is a growing health problem in the tropic and subtropic areas, even with our current state of advanced technology and medical care. Dengue virus is from the family Flaviviridae and the genus Flavivirus. (3) It is a vector borne disease that occurs through the bite of an infected Aedes mosquito. The virus has 5 different types (DENV) 1, 2 3, 4, and 5. Once infected with the virus, symptoms include a sudden high fever, measle-like rash all over the body, headache, and muscle and joint pain. In small cases, the disease can develop into life- threatening dengue hemorrhagic fever or dengue shock syndrome. Although there are methods of prevention of this disease, the cause infecting the human body still results in many cases of this  debilitating disease, probably due to urbanization increasing the habitat of aedes aegypti. (4) Currently, there is no active vaccine for this virus. However, researchers have found a candidate for a dengue vaccine that reduces the overall risk of dengue infection by 60% and may be available by late 2015. (2) Read more:  Speech on Dengue Fever History The vast history of dengue fever and aedes aegypti can date back many thousands of years ago. The earliest known records of dengue fever-like condition was found in the Chinese Medical Encyclopedia in 265-420 AD. (5) The virus aedes aegypti, spread out of Africa in the 15th to 19th centuries. There had been conveyed outbreaks of dengue fever- like symptoms since1635 in the West Indies, but it was not until 1779, when it was confirmed for the first time that dengue fever epidemic occurred in Asia, North America, and Africa almost all at once. (6) Since then, dengue epidemics have been sporadic. By 1907, it was confirmed that the Aedes mosquitos were infectious, and dengue fever was caused by a virus. (6) Outbreaks of dengue fever became more common in 1953, when an epidemic of Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever first occurred in Philippines. Dengue fever epidemic first started out in Southeast Asia and spread into surrounding subtropical and tropical countries and continues to spread, even further out. Outbreaks in the Americas were rare due to the vector-control efforts in destroying the aedes aegypti mosquitos’ habitat. However, when they put a stop to destroying the dengue virus mosquitos in the 1970s, the mosquitoes repopulated most of the countries and by the 1990s, had expanded its habitation. Furthermore, a virus that was once thought to be confined to Southeast Asia, has had sporadic outbreaks with local transmission in the United States in the southern states such as Florida, Hawaii, and Texas. (7) Additionally, the dengue virus which had 4 types initially, now has a fifth serotype, which was discovered in 2013. (8) Genetics Dengue virus is a tiny virus that carries a single positive-strand of RNA as its genome within an envelope. It has about 11,000 nucleotide bases that translates ten proteins; three of these are structural proteins that form the coat of the virus and transport the RNA to target cells; and seven of  them are nonstructural proteins that coordinate the production of new viruses once the virus gets inside the cell. These proteins form a protective outer layer that controls the entry of the virus into human cells.(9) Dengue fever virus belongs to the Flaviviridae family and the genus Flavivirus. There are five types of this virus, called serotypes. The first four are known as DENV -1, -2, -3, and -4. And the fifth type was discovered in 2013. Although the serotypes may differ from one another, they have similar clinical manifestations. (10) Pathogenesis Dengue fever virus can be transmitted in the body by a single bite from an aedes aegypti mosquito. Humans are the primary host in the virus, but it can also circulate in nonhuman primates. When an aedes aegypti mosquito bites a person, the virus penetrates into the skin along with the mosquito’s saliva. The virus binds and enters white blood cells, and replicates inside the cells. When the dengue virus is injected into the skin, the dengue virus binds onto the epidermis and dermis, which results in an infection of dendritic cells. The infected cells then move to the closest lymph node, while the dengue virus genome is translated in the endoplasmic reticulum, and replicates the viral RNA. The mature viruses of the infected cells are released by exocytosis. They are then able to enter other white blood cells, such as monocytes and macrophages.(12) The white blood cells send out a signal, and respond by producing cytokines and interferons, which are responsible for the fever, the flu-like symptoms. Sometimes our bodies can accumulate too much of the virus, and can cause severe infection and can cause organ damage. Fluid from the bloodstream leaks into body cavities. And as a result, there isn’t enough blood to supply to vital organs. Furthermore, infection of the stromal cells leads to risk of bleeding. Clinical Manifestations Usually, most people with infected dengue virus are asymptomatic with mild fever symptoms. Some have severe illnesses, and in a small percentage, it can be fatal. The incubation period is usually 4 to 7 days, but can range from 3 to14 days. Common characteristics of dengue fever include a sudden fever, retoorbital pain, joint and muscle pain â€Å"breakbone fever† and a  measle-like rash all over the body. The symptoms of dengue fever occur in 3 phases: febrile, critical, and recovery. The febrile phase includes a high fever over 104 degrees Fahrenheit, a headache, nausea, and generalized weakness that lasts 2-7 days. Also, a rash and mild bleeding in the mucous membranes. After the fever resolves, the disease continues onto the critical phase. This phase includes leakage of plasma from the blood vessels and usually lasts for 2 days. This can lead to fluid collection of the chest and abdominal cavities as well as a high loss of fluids and reduced blood supply to vital organs. Extreme blood depletion puts one at a high risk of of developing dengue hemorrhagic fever and dengue shock. Although the critical phase is rare, it is more common in kids than adults. The recovery phase is the last phase of the dengue symptoms. Resorption of leaked fluids are returned into the blood stream. Also with symptoms of severe itching and a decreased heart rate. Fluidoverload can occur in this stage, affecting the brain, which can cause seizures and/ or a altered level of consciousness. Conclusion As dengue fever cases grow in numbers, we cannot help but wonder if and when an outbreak will occur due to the new found studies of a fifth type of aedes aegyoti virus. The mosquito-borne tropical virus, has evolved out of its origin and is continuing to spread to more countries. Dengue fever is being seen more in those who travel around the world. Although this disease is deadly, it is rare and people should fully recover from these debilitating symptoms. There is no particular treatment for this disease. Treatment depends on dengue symptoms. Currently, researchers are working on a dengue fever vaccine that can reduce the risk up to 60 percent, which is supposed to be introduced and ready in 2015.

Teenagers – not as bad as they are portrayed?

Britain altering her ways, has successfully managed to keep up with the ever changing world. However the youth of our day, seem the only change society somewhat fails to keep pace with. Are we leading our teenagers forlorn? Teenagers are categorised under offenders and criminals and not to mention are covered by an umbrella of stereotypical views of which if its coverage of teenage Britain fails to cease would be a slow and gradual obliteration of Britain’s future. If society takes a step back and realises the sought of pressure left upon the shoulders of our future leaders, doctors , engineers etcetera we would come to the realisation that the strain put on them is a strain put on the nation’s future. Furthermore, as the well-being of the nation hangs in the balance it seems as if eyes are staring purposefully watch it lose its balance with the likes of the media broadcasting nothing but the negatives, painting a villainous image of which the public do nothing but believe. Although there are some teenagers who follow the wrong path, statistics show 10 percent of anti-social behaviour were committed by them and the increase of knife crime amongst teenagers increased by 2 percent over the past year however it seems statistics like this also fail to mention the other percentage of teenagers who actually do something valuable for the society such us charity work, and those whom constantly thrive in the aspiration of making the nation a good one to live in, until then the current government has to work on making this nation a bearable one to live in. The constant pressure from the media towards the teenage generation has yet to show the many good works of the youths. ‘’Back in my day†¦Ã¢â‚¬â„¢Ã¢â‚¬â„¢ seems to be the reoccurring statement by the nostalgic few, the few, whom believe that without the morals and discipline of the old age teenagers today show no respect for society today, however, Do they know how it is to work in a teenagers shoes. Above all, teenagers still get along with life amongst all the turmoil: postcode wars, gang warfare and peer pressure. Being at a vulnerable stage in life, youths feel pressured into becoming the image everyone expects, seen in the small town of Lancashire where a normal boy named Tom, was bullied to the extent he committed suicide, this in itself is not accepted in society. ‘’Now I will not get to see my son lead a normal life’’ said Mrs Smith tearfully. Would the outcome be different if he spoke to someone? 2011 witnessed the London riots, often described as ‘’mindless act of violence ‘’ saw parts of London set ablaze teenagers seen as the apparent cause, could this have been prevented? Or was this just a way to gain attention from the society as they have been put on the lower end of it, always put at the receiving end of pessimistic views. Although this would be seen by some to be destructive, inconsiderate and uncalled-for , this might be what teenagers think would actually make sure their voices are heard and also make sure they have an actual say on what decisions are made about them. The life of teenagers would continue to remain a mystery to some, as times change people also change, if things do not change for the better the life of a 21st century teenager would continue to be hard.

How to Improve a Students Self-Esteem

How to Improve a Students' Self-Esteem Weve long known that when students feel good about themselves, they are much more likely to become better achievers in the classroom. Fostering can-do attitudes and building students confidence by setting them up for success and providing positive feedback along with frequent praise are essential tools for both teachers and parents. Think about yourself, the more confident you feel, the better you feel about the task at hand and your ability to do it. When a child is feeling good about themselves, its much easier to motivate them to become academically proficient. Self-Esteem Comes First Whats the next step? First of all, in order to help improve self-esteem, we have to be careful in the way we provide feedback. Dweck (1999), a proponent of the growth mindset approach,  argues that having a particular goal orientation, (learning goal or performance goal) to base feedback on as opposed to person-orientated praise will be more effective. In other words, avoid using statements like: Im proud of you; Wow, you worked hard. Instead, focus the praise on the task or process. Praise the students specific effort and strategy. For instance, I notice you selected the cube-a-links to solve that problem, thats a great strategy. I noticed that you didnt make any computational errors this time! When using this type of feedback, youve addressed both self-esteem and youve supported the childs motivational level for academic goals. Tips for Building Self Esteem Self-esteem is important in and out of the classroom. Teachers and parents can support self-esteem by remembering some of the following: Always accentuate the positive: Do you ever notice those suffering from a low self- esteem tend to focus on the negative? Youll hear statements like: Oh, I was never any good at that. I cant keep friends. This actually indicates that this person needs to like themselves more!Give children the opportunity to tell you 10 things they like about themselves: Prompt them to state things they can do well, things they feel good about. You will be surprised at how many children suffering from low self-esteem have difficulty with this task - youll need to provide prompts. (This is also a great beginning of the year activity)Avoid criticism: Those suffering from low self-esteem struggle the most when given criticism. Be sensitive to this. Always remember that self-esteem is about how much children feel valued, appreciated, accepted, loved and having a good sense of self-worth. Having a good self-image. Understand that as parents and teachers, you play one of the biggest roles in how good or ba d a child can feel about themselves. The influence of a parent or teacher can make and break a childs sense of self-esteem. Dont abuse it. Expectations must always be realistic: This goes along with setting children up for success. Differentiated instruction is key and goes a long way to ensure that teachers know their students and ensures the types of tasks/expectations match the childs strengths and ability levels.See the learning in errors or mistakes: Turn mistakes inside out and focus on what was or will be learned from the mistake. This helps a child focus on the positive, not the negative. Remind students that everyone makes mistakes but its how those mistakes are handled that makes the difference. We need to see them as learning opportunities. Powerful learning can often be the result of a mistake made.Self-esteem is an important component to almost everything children do: Not only will it help with academic performance, it supports social skills and makes it easier for children to have and keep friends. Relationships with peers and teachers are usually more positive with a healthy dose of self-esteem. Children are also better equipped to cope with mistakes, disappointment, and failure, they are more likely to stick with challenging tasks and complete learning activities. Self-esteem is needed life-long and we need to remember the important role we play to enhance or damage a childs self-esteem. Reference: Dweck, C. S. (1999) Self Theories: Their Role in Motivation, Personality, and Development. Hove: Psychology Press, Taylor and Francis Group.

APA Referencing †How to Cite a YouTube Video

APA Referencing – How to Cite a YouTube Video APA Referencing – How to Cite a YouTube Video Not that long ago, the idea of citing a YouTube video in an academic paper would have sent some old-fashioned college professors into fits of outrage about how young people don’t understand what proper research is all about (i.e., dusty old books). WHATS A YOUTUBE? I DONT LIKE CHANGE! These days, however, there’s no denying that YouTube and other online videos can be crucial academic sources in many subject areas. As such, knowing how to cite an online video source is increasingly useful. Herein, we look at how to do this with APA referencing. Citing a YouTube Video Citing an online video involves giving the uploader’s name and the year that the video was uploaded in parentheses. For instance, a video uploaded in 2016 by the cultural critic Anita Sarkeesian to her Feminist Frequency YouTube channel would be cited as follows: The trope of the sinister seductress is pervasive in video games (Sarkeesian, 2016). Here, we cite the â€Å"author† of the video because it’s hosted on her own channel. If you’re quoting part of a video directly, the citation should also include a time stamp: In the video, Nicky Clayton and Clive Wilkins discuss the â€Å"capacity to convey and understand ideas non-verbally† (TEDx Talks, 2013, 3:37). You’ll notice here that, despite the talk being by Nicky Clayton and Clive Wilkins, â€Å"TEDx Talks† is the name given in the citation. This is because the â€Å"TEDx Talks† channel hosts videos by numerous speakers, so Clayton and Wilkins are not the uploaders. Reference List As with other sources, full publication information should be included in the reference list for any online videos you cite in your work. For a YouTube video, this involves providing the following: Surname, Initials. [Screen name]. (year, month day). Title of video [Video file]. Retrieved from URL.com You’ll notice that this includes both a name and a screen name. This helps readers find the video when the uploader’s real name is different to their username. In the case of the Anita Sarkeesian video cited above, for example, you’d need to provide both: Sarkeesian, A. [Feminist Frequency]. (2016, September 28). Sinister seductress tropes vs women in video games [Video file].   Retrieved from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1oXzWzMqarU If a channel doesn’t provide the uploader’s real name, only the screen name is required: TEDx Talks. (2013, August 19). Conversation without words: Nicky Clayton Clive Wilkins at TEDxOxbridge [Video file].   Retrieved from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-iavquY2OFo It’s important to remember that the name you should cite in the main text of your work is the same one used to list the source alphabetically in the reference list.

Dominican Hair Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Dominican Hair - Essay Example These groups include the; Taà ­nos (who are the Indigenous group), the Spanish (who were the colonizers), and the Africans (brought majorly as slaves into the country). Nonetheless, the Dominican nation has long ignored its heritage’s African part, in its place describing itself as â€Å"Not black,† This is so, even as people accept that almost everyone has some Black heritage and ancestry. This whole idea of national identity presents exacting challenges for Dominican immigrants to the United States, who are over and over again perceived by Americans as black and forced to negotiate for new ethnical and racial landscape. According to Ginetta E. B. Candelario  Ã¢â‚¬Å"the Dominican nation has all along selected to disregard the African customs and traditions†. She says that, the social and racial dynamics of the Dominican identity is majorly promoted by staff, customers and owners of salons. This is in particular with consideration to the concepts of African Vs European hair, further categorized as â€Å"bad† and â€Å"good† hair respectively. Candelario shows how clients and staff of salons had preferences to certain hair styles which were in photograph form in books. This is an exacting proof and confirmation of the anti- black preferences by the Dominican, and appraisal of the whites. In spite of this, what these women found as being most gorgeous and eye-catching were the people whom they analyze as having the signs of ethnic and cultural mixture connected to Spanish-speaking countries, and in particular those of Latin America. Candelario does well in trying to contradict the entrenched whiteness preference by showing various occasions when these preferences were disregarded, as well as by showing that there was an existence of diverse sorts of whiteness. Candelario shows that, Salons were the principal places where women were encouraged to internalize and endorse certain manners. The manner of seeing and doing things through racial

Managing organizational change (MBA course) Essay

Managing organizational change (MBA course) - Essay Example Sandoz was a profit making company that had transparent and defined marketing strategies with a number of products, employing fewer people (69 employees); whereas CG, a loss making company (129 employees) was a laid back attitude and heavily dependant on sale of one product Voltaren, that had generic substitutes, and the marketing was based on giving heavy discounts to achieve quarterly targets. These opposite cultures clashed with the merger. The result was that, feeling strangled, the Sandoz staff left the company through a golden handshake and the CG culture prevailed over NT. The lethargies of CG became the norm resulting in plummeting sales and mounting losses. Under Thai regulations the merger meant merger of Sandoz into CG thereby creating a new entity called NT. This led to the exodus to the Sandoz staff, and the CG culture and practices prevailed. The remaining Sandoz staff were unable to accept this practice and all but 12 left the company, after bitterly criticizing the CG ways and matters deteriorated with the new NT manager also leaving in early 1997. NT was rudderless and without objectives and goals. Fritz the new manager appointed to check and reverse the ills of NT was sent to Thailand in 1998, two years after the merger, with a mandate to raise market share and to improve management effectiveness across the organization. His clear mandate required him to turnaround the company and he handled it initially with the motive of streamlining the operations by first defining the team and team roles. He wanted to establish a hierarchy of reporting that looked like a cobweb with cross reporting resulting in loss of communications. He also found many malpractices that were either a result of corruption in the culture of the company or simply cover-ups for showing improved but false sales performances. He quickly made a situation analysis and identified

Art and Celebrity Dissertation Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 6250 words

Art and Celebrity - Dissertation Example In terms of art, fame is often considered a double-edged sword, mostly because of the price attached to it and its impact on the artist in terms of his work. This essay shall discuss the impact of fame on celebrity and on art and the artist. This analysis will evaluate both the negative and the positive effects of fame on art, seeking to understand how artists have gained fame throughout their career and how such fame has changed them and their art. This essay is being carried out in order to help establish a clear and thorough understanding of art and fame, and their relationship with each other. Main body Fame, in this context is interchangeably associated with celebrity. Both refer to the general attention which an individual, an object, or a place gains from the general public (Conrad, 2012). Fame is derived from the word famous which often refers to popularity; while celebrity is associated with celebration, or how one person is celebrated by the general population (Conrad, 2012 ). Art takes on various forms of expression, including the performance, visual, and musical art. In association with each other, as a piece of art gains attention for its brilliance, fame or celebrity is often attributed to the artwork and the artist. Such celebrity and fame is however also attributed to different activities, even non-artistic activities (Conrad, 2012). Under these conditions, reality shows gain their celebrity and fame. The reasons for their fame are founded on their outrageous behaviour, their clothes, their controversial lives, their controversial or unusual jobs, and the fact that they are rich (Gibson, 2012). Celebrities are famous due to their prominent profile and such prominence often makes them a significant source of fascination for the media. They also often have a high degree of popular appeal as well as prominence in certain fields making them easily recognizable by the public (Gibson, 2012). For purposes of this paper, the associations shall focus on v isual art (painters) and fame or celebrity. In the general sense, it is crucial to evaluate how fame is felt by a celebrity over time. Based on the temporality, a progressive design is apparent in terms of fame being experienced in various phases (Rockwell and Giles, 2009). First, a phase of love/hate; second, the addiction phase with behaviour being geared towards more fame; third, the acceptance phase calling for more permanent changes in daily life activities; and finally, the adaptation phase where new attitudes and activities are established to secure life changes essential to one’s fame (Rockwell and Giles, 2009). The love/hate relationship is secured with participants wanting to ensure effective ways of adjusting to fame. Initially, becoming famous requires significant stoking of the ego. The newly famous are often warmly accepted by the people (Rockwell and Giles, 2009). There is often a guilty thrill seen in being admired, with participants wanting the attention and adoration even as they also analyse the good feelings they get from their fame experience. They love some parts of it, but also hate other aspects of their fame (Adler and Adler, 1989). The love/hate period is often followed by the addiction phase. When one is adored by the public, people often find it difficult to live without such fame. Some actually find their ‘high’ on such fame and adoration (Rockwell and Gil

Caryl Churchills Top Girls English Literature Essay

Caryl Churchills Top Girls English Literature Essay Caryl Churchill has a reputation for producing work that examined contemporary issues, often in challenging and confrontational ways and Top girls is no exception. It can be seen in the light of a feminist play due to the reoccurring question that comes up while reading the play of what it means to be a successful woman. Throughout this essay, I will show what is wrong with being a `top girl ´. At the beginning of the play you are introduced to the main character, Marlene, who is a top girl. A top girl being: a woman who is successful in her career. During the play you become aware that Marlene is at the peak of her career and has come a long way from working class to almost upper middle class but that she has made some sacrifices along the way to attain her position. First, she gave her child to her sister, Joyce (p. 80). Next to that, it appears that she has also sacrificed her personal life. She seems to have no real friends to invite to the dinner party and therefor invites historical women. Marlene also has difficulties to find a man that will accept her as the successful woman that she is and that will not try to change her into a `little woman ´ (p. 83). Although Marlene built herself up in her career and is an educated woman, in a different perspective, she is not a top girl. She was not able to manage everything she had and succeed while dealing with it all; hence leaving her child to her sister. According to Marlene she had to choose between her career and being a mother (p. 80). However, Marlenes sister Joyce has sacrificed her personal life and goals to raise her sisters child. Leaving us to question, what good is it being a top girl if its at the expense of other women? According to a feminist view of equality, drive, ambition and ability, Marlene should have been able to juggle her career and her motherhood. She should have not worried about missing out on opportunities. You can conclude at the end of the play that Marlene is not a feminist at all but that she is very much an individualist: `I believe in the individual ´ (p. 84). She worries about herself and her own needs instead of rising to her own personal responsibilities. She believes that everyone creates their own luck because, as she tells her sister Joyce, `Anyone can do anything if they ´ve got what it takes ´ (p. 86). Marlene is a manager at a top girl company and is holding interviews for people to work at the company. During the interviews you notice how ruthless and cold (p. 46) Marlene is in relation to the working world and to who is or is not qualified enough to get the position. You see her take the role of a very business-like male attitude (p. 31). She interrupts the interviewee during their meeting and is very direct in telling them whether they have potential to join the company or not (p. 30). Moreover, Marlene is very aware of her potential and believes that men and woman should have the same rights/opportunities. She makes this clear when she discusses with Howards wife, the man who lost the management position to her, about how the position was given to the most deserving person (p.p 58-59). Howards wife picks up on her male attitude and accuses Marlene of being masculine and unnatural (p. 59). Her co-workers hold the same view as Marlenes, in relation to rejecting the traditional female aspirations of starting a family, and they would rather focus on their careers like Marlene did (p. 58). One co-worker, Nell, does not want to get married (p. 48) and the other, Win, is having an affair with a married man (p. 45). In Act 2, scene 3 you hear Marlenes co-workers talking about their weekend. Win suggests that Nell could get married and continue working. Nells response is a very unnatural one; `or I could go on working and not marry him ´ (p. 48). She is happy to use men for her own pleasure but not to commit to any. When the play was written, in 1982, this response would have been seen more as a male response than a female due to the fact that this was far more a male attitude to have than a woman. All women in this company hold a very professional tone to themselves but they also all adopt very much a male role in relation to their careers and taking care of business (p. 46). Generally women want to settle and start a family, but because they are such business-like women they do not see the need of this and find themselves already fulfilled with their high ranking, successful jobs. Additionally none of the co-workers, like Marlene, are true top girls. They have adopted male behavior instead of developing their own woman inspired role models. They have not excelled in anything besides their career. What is also fallacious about these `top girls ´ is that they do not see men as equals at all and at times discuss their male clients with the term `pretty ´ (p. 50). This presents us with their very degrading view of how they see men in the business environment; however it also shows that they have enough confidence to address men in these terms. One of the aims of the Womans Liberation movement in the 1970s was to change the terminology used to address women such as, baby, sweetie, girl, bird†¦ Interestingly enough these `top girls ´, in the play, use the same terminology to call each other (p. 48, 64). It seems that to them it is ok to call each other these terms but not to have men call them that; which defeats the purpose of female equality and gives a sense of female superiority. You could also say that these top girls do not consider themselves as women but see themselves as successful `people ´ so they do not fall in the category of women fighting for/supporting that issue. Although all woman in the play, after the first act, that are considered as `top girls ´ are woman who have excelled in their career you could argue that Joyce, Marlenes sister, is somewhat a top girl herself. Despite the fact of not having a successful career she is the only character in the play that tries to manage her responsibilities. She has several different jobs, is raising her sisters child and still holds the responsibility of checking on her mother, like she informs Marlene `somebody has to ´ (p. 79). The first scene in the play shows what true top girls were before the feminist movement. It reveals the obstacles that they had to overcome and the freedom that woman nowadays have and take for granted. The women in the first scene are all women who have suffered in some way and have succeeded in being great without the need of going over other women to get there. They succeeded in the dominate-male world they lived in. This is the opposite of how Marlene has succeeded. Marlene succeeded at the expense of other woman. In Act 1 Marlene raises a toast To our courage and the way we changed our lives and our extraordinary achievements ´ (p. 13). The use of `we ´ and `our ´ are very significant; it shows that Marlene considers herself as a woman who has struggled for her success but that has finally gained personal fulfillment. On the contrary, the other women have been through much more than Marlene ever did. These past woman are the true top girls who have been through it all in order for the next generations of woman to be free and independent. It is striking that the only top girl that was obedient to men, Griselda, is the only one who is happy and pleased in her life. You could say that Griselda shows that virtue is its own reward. Marlene never waited for things and made things happen herself; which leads to an intriguing comparison between these characters. Griselda obeyed and waited and in the end is content and happy, while Marlene created her own success but abandoned other important things in her life to get there and is now unsatisfied. You see Marlenes dissatisfaction throughout the whole play, with her drinking, having abortions, not finding a suitable man and trying to make amends with her sister. In conclusion, the title is called `Top girls ´ with an `S ´. The play explores the different versions of `top girls ´ in different eras. These distinct versions of `top girls ´ demonstrates the diversity of womankind. The play demonstrates that women do not have only one quality or one thing that characterizes them like: career women, wives, mothers, daughters or sisters; they are complex individuals like any human being and have to juggle priorities and responsibilities to achieve what they consider to fulfill themselves. These varieties of qualities that women have and that are able to juggle with in life are what should make them a true top girl. Word count: